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Woolwich remained a
small Kentish village until it started to become a leading military and
industrial town. It was home to the Woolwich Dockyard, the Royal
Arsenal (dating back to 1471), the Royal Military Academy (1741) and the
Royal Horse Artillery (1793); the town still retains an army base at
the Royal Artillery Barracks (although 16RA Royal Artillery left in
2007, Woolwich Barracks still house the Royal Artillery Band and more
recently Second Battalion Princess of Wales Royal Regiment and Kings
Troop Royal Horse Artillery), and the Royal Artillery Museum, Firepower.
Arsenal
Football Club were founded in Woolwich in 1886 by workers at the
Arsenal – the club were initially known as Dial Square, then Royal
Arsenal and then became Woolwich Arsenal in 1891. They moved to Arsenal
Stadium, Highbury in north London in 1913, and dropped the Woolwich
prefix the following year. This is a rare example of a British football
team moving from its local area, albeit relocating within the same
conurbation.
Woolwich Polytechnic founded in 1892, merged with other
local colleges and became Thames Polytechnic in 1970. In 1992 it was
granted university status as the University of Greenwich. In 2000, the
University began a relocation to the Old Naval College, several miles to
the west in Greenwich town centre, leaving only an administrative
presence in Woolwich.
Woolwich was the start of the route of the last
London tram, on 5 July 1952.A scheduled Route 40 tram, restricted to
just a nominal number of fare paying passengers, was driven through
enormous crowds to New Cross, finally arriving at New Cross depot around
1am on the 6 July.
Woolwich is the location of the United Kingdom’s
first branch of McDonald’s (the 3,000th in the world), which opened on
13 November 1974. Woolwich was chosen because it was considered to be a
representative English town at the time
Once redevelopment of the
former Royal Arsenal site began, Woolwich started to enjoy a
renaissance. Several High Street chains previously absent from Woolwich
have opened branches, and longer-established shops have been
refurbished. The new terminus of the Docklands Light Railway’s London
City Airport branch, Woolwich Arsenal station opened on 10 January 2009.
A
large-scale redevelopment of the area around Love Lane called Woolwich
Central, near the eastern end of Powis Street, commenced in 2011. The
project includes demolition of several buildings including the Post
Office, Crown Building, Peggy Middleton House and Thomas Spencer Halls
of Residence, and the construction of new council offices called the
Woolwich Centre ( opened in August 2011 ) and housing, local shops and a
large branch of Tesco (opened in November 2012).